Platanus occidentalis
Description: The Sycamore is a large forest or shade tree, reaching heights of up to 100 feet. It is characterized by its picturesque horizontal branches that create an appealing silhouette against the sky. It is a deciduous tree, shedding its leaves annually.
Twig/Bark: The twigs are thin and brown when the tree is young. As the tree matures, the lower bark becomes brown and develops deep furrows, while the upper branches and trunk display a unique exfoliating bark. This bark peels away in large and small sheets, eventually revealing smooth white bark beneath. This mottled appearance is a distinctive feature, adding visual interest throughout the seasons.
Leaves: The leaves are wide and have 3 to 5 lobes, providing a lush canopy that enhances the tree’s aesthetic appeal. In the fall, the foliage turns a vibrant yellow, contributing to the seasonal color change and creating a striking contrast against the tree’s white bark.
Flower/Fruit: The flowering period occurs from April to June, during which it produces flowers. The male flowers are greenish-yellow, while the female flowers are red to brown and inconspicuous. By September to October, the tree produces light brown, globose multiple fruits that hang on into the winter months, providing visual interest during the colder seasons.
Habitat: Sycamores are commonly found in bottomland and riparian forests, as well as along streams and riverbanks. Their preference for moist habitats allows them to thrive in areas with adequate water supply, making them a vital component of these ecosystems. The tree’s ability to stabilize soil along waterways further enhances its ecological importance. As an intermediate shade-tolerant species, it can thrive in both sunny and partially shaded environments.